CONTACT-FREE ELECTRICITY TRANSMITTER DEVICE AND ELECTRICITY TRANSFER SYSTEM

专利摘要:
the present invention relates to a non-contact electrical energy transmitting device (10) that includes an electronic control unit (250) that is configured to perform: i) a first control to control an electrical energy to be transmitted to an energy target electricity by adjusting an activity cycle of an inverter output voltage (220), ii) a second control to control an activation current that represents an inverter output current (220) by adjusting the frequency of drive, where the output current is an output current at a time when the output voltage rises, and iii) adjust the drive cycle and drive frequency in such a way that a current supplied from the inverter (220 ) to the power transmitting unit (240) decreases within the range where the activation current is equal to or less than a limit value, while the first control is performed.
公开号:BR102016013113B1
申请号:R102016013113-8
申请日:2016-06-08
公开日:2020-03-31
发明作者:Takahiro MISAWA；Yoshinobu Sugiyama
申请人:Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Invention Patent Descriptive Report for CONTACT-FREE ELECTRICITY TRANSMITTER DEVICE AND ELECTRICITY TRANSFER SYSTEM.
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE [0001] The description of Japanese Patent Application No. 2015117277 filed on June 10, 2015 including the specification, drawings and summary, is incorporated here by reference in its entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a contactless electrical energy transmitting device and an electrical energy transfer system, and more particularly to an electrical energy control technology in an energy transmitting device contactless electrical transmission that transmits electrical energy to an electrical energy receiving device in a non-contact manner.
2. Description of Related Art [0003] Japanese Patent Application Publication no. 2014207795 (JP 2014-207795 A) discloses a non-contact electrical power supply system that transfers electrical power from an electrical power supply device (an electrical power transmitting device) to a vehicle (an electrical power receiving device) in a non-contact way. With this non-contact power supply system, the power supply device is equipped with an electric power transmission coil, an inverter and an electronic control unit. The electrical energy transmitting coil transmits electrical energy to an electrical energy receiving coil that is mounted on the vehicle in a non-contact manner. The inverter generates an AC current that
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2/49 corresponds to a trigger frequency, and sends the generated AC current to the electrical energy transmitting coil. The electronic control unit acquires an electric power charge command for a battery and an electrical power output for the battery on the side of the vehicle, and performs the feedback control of the drive's drive frequency in such a way that the electrical power output follows the charge command of electrical energy.
[0004] So, in this non-contact electric power supply system, when the electric power supply from the electric power supply device to the vehicle is started, an initial frequency is adjusted based on a battery state and a coupling coefficient between the coils (the electrical energy transmitting coil and the electrical energy receiving coil). The aforementioned feedback control is initiated by using the starting frequency as a starting value for the triggering frequency (see Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2014-207795 (JP 2014207795 A)).
[0005] In the case where the inverter is an inverter of the voltage type and supplies a transmitted electrical energy (that is, an electrical energy to be transmitted to the electrical energy receiving device) that corresponds to the activation frequency for a transmission unit of electrical energy, in which the transmitted electrical energy can be controlled by adjusting the activity cycle of an inverter output voltage. In addition, an activation current that represents an output current of the inverter at the moment when the output voltage of the inverter rises can be controlled by controlling the frequency of inverter activation.
[0006] In the voltage type inverter, it is known that when an output current that has the same signal as an output voltage (a positive activation current) flows through the inverter as
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3/49 As the output voltage rises, a recovery current flows through an inverter recirculation diode. When the recovery current flows through the recirculation diode, the recirculation diode generates heat and causes an increase in loss. In this way, the loss that results from the recovery current can be kept small by controlling the drive's drive frequency to control the activation current at or below 0.
[0007] However, when the inverter's drive frequency is changed to control the activation current, the frequency of the electrical energy transferred from the electrical transmitting unit (the electrical transmitting coil) to an electrical receiving unit ( the electrical energy receiving coil) changes, and the efficiency of electrical energy transfer between the electrical transmitting unit and the electrical receiving unit may decrease.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0008] Therefore, an objective of the present invention is to enhance the efficiency of the transfer of electrical energy to an electrical energy receiving device within such a range so that no recovery currents are generated in an inverter, in a device non-contact electrical power transmitter that transmits electrical energy to the electrical energy receiving device in a non-contact manner.
[0009] In addition, another objective of the present invention is to enhance the efficiency of the transfer of electrical energy between an electrical energy transmitting device and an electrical energy receiving device within such a range so that no recovery currents are generated in an inverter, in an electrical energy transfer system that transmits electrical energy from the electrical energy transmitting device to the energy receiving device
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4/49 electrical in a non-contact manner.
Voltage voltage test [0010] A non-contact electrical energy transmitting device related to the invention includes an electrical energy transmitting unit, an inverter, and an electronic control unit. The inverter is configured to supply an electrical energy to be transmitted to the electrical energy receiving device that corresponds to an activation frequency for the electrical energy transmitting unit. The inverter is a voltage inverter. The electronic control unit is configured to control the inverter. The electronic control unit configured to perform i) the first control to control the electrical energy to be transmitted to a target electrical energy by adjusting an activity cycle of an inverter output voltage, and ii) the second control to control an activation current that represents an inverter output current by adjusting the drive frequency, where the output current is an output current at a time when the output voltage rises, and iii) the adjustment of the cycle of activity and of the activation frequency in such a way that a current supplied from the inverter to the electrical energy transmitting unit decreases within the range in which the activation current is equal to or less than a limit value, while the electrical energy to be controlled is controlled. transmitted to the target electrical energy through the first control.
[0011] The efficiency of electric power transfer between the electric power transmitting unit and the electric power receiving device is inversely proportional to the square of the current flowing through the electric power transmitting unit under the condition that the transmitted electric power is constant . Thus, in the present invention, the target value of the activation current is changed in such a way that the current supplied from the inverter to the transmitting unit
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5/49 of electrical energy decreases within a range such that the activation current is equal to or less than a limit value, while the electrical energy transmitted to the target electrical energy through the first control is controlled. As a result of this, according to the present invention, the efficiency of electric energy transfer can be enhanced within a range such that no recovery current is generated in the inverter.
[0012] The electronic control unit can be configured to adjust the activity cycle and the activation frequency in such a way that the current supplied from the inverter to the electric power transmitting unit is minimized within the range in which the activation current is equal or less than the limit value, while controlling the electrical energy to be transmitted to the target electrical energy through the first control.
[0013] By adopting this configuration, the energy transfer efficiency can be enhanced to the maximum within a range such that no recovery current is generated.
[0014] The electronic control unit can be configured, in a case where there are two activation frequencies in which the activation current is a predetermined value equal to or less than the limit value under a condition that the electrical energy to be transmitted be constant, to adjust that one of the two activation frequencies in which a magnitude of the current supplied from the inverter to the electrical transmitting unit is the lowest, as an initial adjusted value of the activation frequency in the second control, when executing an activation process the inverter.
[0015] In the present invention, when the inverter activation process is executed, the activation frequency is adjusted to the initial set value mentioned above. Then, the target value of the activation current is changed in such a way that the current flowing through
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6/49 of the power transmitting unit decreases, within a range such that no recovery currents are generated. In this way, the current flowing through the electricity transmitting unit can be reduced immediately after the inverter is activated. As a consequence of this, according to the present invention, the efficiency of electric energy transfer can be immediately enhanced within a range such that no recovery current is generated, after the inverter is activated.
[0016] An electrical energy transfer system related to the present invention includes an electrical energy transmitting device and an electrical energy receiving device. The electrical energy transmitting device includes an electrical energy transmitting unit, an inverter and an electronic control unit. The electrical transmitting unit is configured to transmit electrical energy to the electrical receiving device in a non-contact manner. The inverter is configured to supply an electrical energy to be transmitted to the electrical energy receiving device that corresponds to an activation frequency for the electrical energy transmitting unit. The inverter is a voltage inverter. The electronic control unit is configured to control the inverter. The electronic control unit is configured to perform: i) the first control to control the electrical energy to be transmitted to a target electrical energy by adjusting an activity cycle of an inverter output voltage, ii) the second control for control an activation current that represents an output current of the inverter by adjusting the drive frequency, where the output current is an output current at a time when the output voltage rises, and iii) adjusting the activity cycle and the activation frequency in such a way that a current supplied from the inverter to the electrical power transmitting unit decreases within the
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7/49 range in which the activation current is equal to or less than a limit value, while controlling the electrical energy to be transmitted to the target electrical energy through the first control.
[0017] By adopting this configuration, the energy transfer efficiency can be enhanced within a range such that no recovery current is generated in the inverter.
[0018] The electronic control unit can be configured to adjust the activity cycle and the activation frequency in such a way that the current supplied from the inverter to the electric power transmitting unit is minimized within the range in which the activation current is equal or less than the limit value, while controlling the electrical energy to be transmitted to the target electrical energy through the first control.
[0019] By adopting this configuration, the energy transfer efficiency can be enhanced to the maximum within a range such that no recovery current is generated.
[0020] The electronic control unit can be configured to adjust, in a case in which there are two activation frequencies in which the activation current is a predetermined value equal to or less than the limit value under a condition that the electrical energy is be transmitted is constant, that one of the two drive frequencies in which a magnitude of the current supplied from the inverter to the power transmitting unit is the lowest, as an initial set value of the drive frequency in the second control, when executing an activation process the inverter.
[0021] By adopting this configuration, the current that flows through the electricity transmitting unit can be immediately reduced after the inverter is activated. As a consequence of this, according to the present invention, the energy transfer efficiency can be immediately enhanced within a range
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8/49 such that no recovery current is generated after the inverter is activated.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0022] The characteristics, advantages, and technical and industrial significance of exemplary modalities of the invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the same numerals denote the same elements, and in which:
[0023] figure 1 is a general diagram of the configuration of an electric energy transfer system to which a non-contact electric energy transmitting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied;
[0024] figure 2 is a view showing an exemplifying circuit configuration of an electrical energy transmitting unit and an electrical energy receiving unit shown in figure 1;
[0025] figure 3 is a view showing a circuit configuration of an inverter shown in figure 1;
[0026] figure 4 is a view showing switching waveforms of the inverter and waveforms of the output voltage and the output current;
[0027] Figure 5 is a diagram of control blocks for the control of the transmitted electric energy and the control of the activation current that are performed by an ECU power supply;
[0028] figure 6 is a view that shows contour lines exemplifying the transmitted electrical energy and the activation current;
[0029] figure 7 is an equivalent circuit diagram to illustrate the efficiency of the electric energy transfer from the electric power transmitting unit to the electric power receiving unit;
[0030] figure 8 is a flow chart to illustrate a process that is performed by the ECU power supply shown in figure 1 to search for an operational point of the inverter;
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9/49 [0031] figure 9 is a view that shows a relationship between the activation current and the frequency of activation of the inverter under the condition that the transmitted electric energy is constant;
[0032] figure 10 is a view that shows a relationship between the current flowing through the electrical energy transmitting unit and the drive frequency of the inverter under the condition that the transmitted electrical energy is constant;
[0033] figure 11 is a view showing the exemplary contour lines of the transmitted electrical energy and the activation current;
[0034] figure 12 is a flow chart to illustrate a process that is performed by an ECU power supply in the second embodiment of the invention to search for an operational point of an inverter;
[0035] figure 13 is a flow chart to illustrate a process that is performed by an ECU power supply in an example of modifying the first embodiment of the invention to search for an operational point of an inverter; and [0036] figure 14 is a flow chart to illustrate a process that is performed by an ECU power supply in an example of modifying the second embodiment of the invention to search for an operational point of an inverter.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE MODALITIES [0037] The modalities of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Although a plurality of embodiments of the invention have been described below, the appropriate combinations of the configurations described in the respective embodiments of the invention have been presupposed since filing the patent application. Incidentally, identical or equivalent components or parts are denoted by identical reference symbols in the drawings, and their description will not be repeated.
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10/49
First Mode [0038] Figure 1 is a general configuration diagram of an electric energy transfer system to which a non-contact electric energy transmitting device according to the first modality of the present invention is applied. With reference to figure 1, this electrical energy transfer system is equipped with an electrical energy transmitting device 10 and an electrical energy receiving device 20. The electrical energy receiving device 20 can be mounted, for example, on a vehicle or something like that that can work when using the electrical energy that is supplied by the electrical energy transmitting device 10 and stored.
[0039] The power transmitting device 10 includes a power factor correction (PFC) circuit 210, an inverter 220, a filter circuit 230 and an electrical power transmitting unit 240. In addition, the power transmitting device Electrical 10 also includes an electronic power supply control unit (ECU) 250, a communication unit 260, a voltage detector 270 and current detectors 272 and 274.
[0040] The PFC 210 circuit rectifies and intensifies an AC electrical energy received from an AC 100 power source (for example, a system power source), transfers that AC electrical energy to the inverter 220, and places a more inrush current. close to a sine wave, thereby making it possible to improve the power factor. Several known PFC circuits can be adopted as this PFC 210 circuit. Incidentally, a rectifier that does not have the function of improving the power factor can be adopted instead of the PFC 210 circuit.
[0041] The inverter 220 converts a DC electrical energy received from the PFC 210 circuit into a transmitted electrical energy (alternating current) that has a predetermined transfer frequency. THE
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11/49 transmitted electrical energy generated by inverter 220 is transferred to the electrical energy transmitting unit 240 through filter circuit 230. Inverter 220 is a voltage type inverter, and the recirculating diodes are connected inversely-in parallel to the elements switching units that make up the inverter 220, respectively. The inverter 220 consists, for example, of a single-phase full bridge circuit.
[0042] The filter circuit 230 is provided between the inverter 220 and the electrical power transmitting unit 240, and suppresses the harmonic noise generated from the inverter 220. The filter circuit 230 consists, for example, of an LC filter that includes an inductor and a capacitor.
[0043] The electricity transmitting unit 240 receives an AC electric energy (a transmitted electric energy) that has a transfer frequency of the inverter 220 through the filter circuit 230, and transmits that AC electric energy to an electric power receiving unit 310 of the electrical energy receiving device 20 in a non-contact manner through an electromagnetic field that is generated around the electrical energy transmitting unit 240. The electrical energy transmitting unit 240 includes, for example, a resonance circuit for transmitting the electrical energy to the electrical energy receiving unit 310 in a non-contact manner. The resonance circuit can consist of a coil and a capacitor. However, in the event that a desired resonant state is formed only by the coil, there is no need to employ the capacitor.
[0044] Voltage detector 270 detects an inverter output voltage 220, and sends the detected value to the ECU 250 power supply. Current detector 272 detects an inverter output current 220, and sends the detected value to the source ECU 250 power supply. A transmitted electrical energy that is supplied from the inverter 220 to the
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12/49 electric power transmitting unit 240 (ie, electric power that is transferred from electric power transmitting unit 240 to electric power receiving device 20) can be detected based on the detected values of the voltage detector 270 and the detector current detector 272. Current detector 274 detects a current flowing through the power transmitting unit 240, and sends the detected value to the ECU 250 power supply.
[0045] The ECU 250 power supply includes a central processing unit (a CPU) (not shown), a storage device (not shown), input / output buffers (not shown), and others. The ECU 250 power supply receives signals from the various detectors and parts of the equipment, and performs control of various parts of the equipment on the electrical energy transmitting device 10. For example, the ECU 250 power source performs the switching control of the inverter. 220 in such a way that the inverter 220 generates a transmitted electrical energy (an alternating current), in carrying out the transfer of electrical energy from the electrical energy transmitting device 10 to the electrical energy receiving device 20. Various types of control are not limited to the processes software-based, but can also be processed by dedicated pieces of hardware (electronic circuits).
[0046] As the main control performed by the ECU 250 power supply, the ECU 250 power supply performs the feedback control (also indicated hereinafter as control of transmitted electrical energy) to control the electrical energy transmitted to a target electrical energy, when carrying out the electrical energy transfer from the electrical energy transmitting device 10 to the electrical energy receiving device 20. In concrete terms, the ECU 250 power source controls the electrical energy transmitted to the target electrical energy by adjusting the voltage activity cycle
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13/49 inverter output 220. Incidentally, the output voltage activity cycle is defined as the ratio of a positive (or negative) voltage output time to an output voltage waveform cycle (a rectangular wave). The activity cycle of the inverter output voltage can be adjusted by changing the times for the operation of the switching elements (with an on / off activity cycle of 0.5) of the inverter 220. The target electrical energy can be generated based, for example, on a situation of receiving electrical energy from the electrical energy receiving device 20. In this first embodiment of the invention, the electrical energy targeted by transmitted electrical energy is generated based on a deviation between a target value of an energy electrical received and a detected value of the electrical energy received at the electrical energy receiving device 20, and is transmitted from the electrical energy receiving device 20 to the electrical energy transmitting device 10.
[0047] In addition, the ECU 250 power supply performs the control of the aforementioned transmitted electrical energy, and performs the feedback control (also indicated hereinafter as the activation current control) to control the activation current in the inverter 220 to a target value. The activation current is an instantaneous value of the inverter output current 220 when the inverter output voltage 220 rises. When the activation current is positive, a recovery current flows through the recirculation diodes of the inverter 220 in the opposite direction. As a result, heat generation, that is, a loss, occurs in the recirculation diodes. In this way, the aforementioned target value of the activation current control (a target value of the activation current) is adjusted within such a range so that no recovery current is generated in the inverter recirculation diodes 220, and adjusted to a predetermined value equal to or less than a limit value. Ba
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14/49 sically, the limit value can be equal to 0 (although the value of 0 leading to a good power factor is ideal, the target value can be adjusted to a negative value with some margin, or it can be adjusted to a positive value that is small enough to ignore the problem of a loss resulting from a recovery current). [0048] In addition, in the electric energy transmitting device 10 according to this first embodiment of the invention, in order to enhance the efficiency of the electric energy transfer between the electric energy transmitting unit 240 and the electric power receiving unit 310 of the electrical energy receiving device 20, the target value of the activation current is changed in such a way that the current flowing through the electrical energy transmitting unit 240 decreases, within such a range so that no recovery current is generated. This control of the activation current and the control of the electrical energy transmitted above will be described in more detail below.
[0049] The communication unit 260 is configured to establish wireless communication with the communication unit 370 of an electrical energy receiving device 20. In addition to receiving the target value of the transmitted electrical energy (a target electrical energy) transmitted from the receiving device power unit 20, the communication unit 260 exchanges parts of information at the start / stop of the electric power transmission, the electric power receiving situation of the electric power receiving device 20, and still others, with the electric power receiving device 20.
[0050] On the other hand, the electrical energy receiving device 20 includes the electrical energy receiving unit 310, a filter circuit 320, a rectifying unit 330, a relay circuit 340, and an electrical storage device 350. In addition In addition, the electrical energy receiving device 20 also includes a 360 charge ECU,
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15/49 a communication unit 370, a voltage detector 380, and a current detector 382.
[0051] The electrical energy receiving unit 310 receives an electrical energy (an alternating current) from the electrical energy transmitting unit 240 of the electrical energy transmitting device 10, in a non-contact manner. The electrical energy receiving unit 310 includes, for example, a resonance circuit for receiving electrical energy from the electrical energy transmitting unit 240 in a non-contact manner. The resonance circuit can consist of a coil and a capacitor. However, in the event that a desired resonant state is formed only by the coil, there is no need to employ the capacitor. The electrical receiving unit 310 sends the received electrical energy to the rectifying unit 330 through filter circuit 320.
[0052] The filter circuit 320 is provided between the electrical energy receiving unit 310 and the rectifying unit 330, and suppresses the harmonic noise that is generated when an electrical energy is received. The filter circuit 320 consists, for example, of an LC filter that includes an inductor and a capacitor. The rectifying unit 330 rectifies the AC power received by the power receiving unit 310, and sends the rectified AC power to the electrical storage device 350.
[0053] The electrical storage device 350 is a rechargeable DC power supply and consists, for example, of a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, a nickel hydride battery or the like. The electrical storage device 350 stores the electrical power output of the rectifying unit 330. Then, the electrical storage device 350 transfers the stored electrical energy to a load drive device (not shown) and the like. Incidental
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16/49 a large capacity capacitor can also be adopted as a 350 electric storage device.
[0054] The relay circuit 340 is provided between the rectifying unit 330 and the electrical storage device 350, and is activated when the electrical storage device 350 is charged by the electrical energy transmitting device 10. Incidentally, although it is not shown in the In particular, a DC / DC converter that adjusts the output voltage of the rectifier unit 330 can be provided between the rectifier unit 330 and the electrical storage device 350 (for example, between the rectifier unit 330 and the control circuit. relay 340).
[0055] Voltage detector 380 detects an output voltage from rectifier unit 330 (an incoming voltage), and sends the detected value to load 360 ECU. Current detector 382 detects an output current from rectifier unit 330 (a current received), and sends the detected value to the 360 charging ECU. An electrical energy received by the electrical energy receiving unit 310 (that is, an electrical energy with which the electrical storage device 350 is charged) can be detected based on the detected values of the voltage detector 380 and the current detector 382. Incidentally, the voltage detector 380 and the current detector 382 can be provided between the electrical receiver circuit 310 and the rectifying unit 330 (for example , between the filter circuit 320 and the rectifying unit 330).
[0056] The 360 load ECU includes a CPU (not shown), a storage device (not shown), input / output buffers (not shown) and others. The 360 load ECU receives signals from various detectors and parts of the equipment, and performs the control of various parts of the equipment in the electrical energy receiving device 20. The various types of control are not limited to the pro
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17/49 software-based processes, but can also be processed by dedicated pieces of hardware (electronic circuits).
[0057] As the main control performed by the 360 load ECU, the 360 load ECU generates a target value of the transmitted electrical energy (a target electrical energy) in the electrical energy transmitting device 10 in such a way that the electrical energy received in the receiving device electric energy 20 becomes equal to a desired target value, while receiving an electrical energy from the electrical energy transmitting device 10. In concrete terms, the 360 load ECU generates the target value of the electrical energy transmitted in the electrical energy transmitting device 10 based on a deviation between a detected value of received electrical energy and the target value of received electrical energy. Then, the load ECU 360 transmits the generated target value of the transmitted electrical energy (a target electrical energy) to the electrical energy transmitting device 10 via communication unit 370.
[0058] Communication unit 370 is configured to establish wireless communication with communication unit 260 of the electrical energy transmitting device 10. In addition to transmitting the target value of the transmitted electrical energy (the target electrical energy) generated in the ECU of load 360 to the power transmitting device 10, the communication unit 370 exchanges information at the beginning / beginning of the power transfer with the power transmitting device 10, and transmits the electric power receiving situation from the power receiving device 20 (the voltage received, the current received, the electrical energy received, and others) to the electrical energy transmitting device 10.
[0059] Figure 2 is a view showing an exemplary circuit configuration of the electric power transmitting unit 240 and the electric power receiving unit 310 shown in figure 1. With respect to figure 2, the electric power transmitting unit 240
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18/49 includes a coil 242 and a capacitor 244. Capacitor 244 is provided to compensate for the power factor of the transmitted electrical energy, and is connected in series to coil 242. The electrical energy receiving unit 310 includes a coil 312 and a capacitor 314. Capacitor 314 is provided to compensate for the power factor of the electrical energy received, and is connected in series to coil 312. Incidentally, this circuit configuration is also known as an SS system (a primary series system, in series) secondary).
[0060] Incidentally, although not shown in the particular drawing, the power transmitting unit 240 and the power receiving unit 310 do not need to have this SS type configuration at all. For example, an SP system (a primary series system, a secondary parallel system) in which capacitor 314 is connected in parallel to coil 312 can also be adopted in the 310 power receiving unit. In addition, a PP system ( a primary parallel system, a secondary parallel system) in which capacitor 244 is connected in parallel to coil 242, or the like, can also be adopted in the electrical power transmitting unit 240.
[0061] With respect again to figure 1, in this electrical energy transfer system, a transmitted electrical energy (an alternating current) is supplied from the inverter 220 to the electrical energy transmitting unit 240 through the filter circuit 230. Each one among the power transmitting unit 240 and the power receiving unit 310 include a coil and a capacitor, and are designed to resonate at a transfer frequency. It is preferable that a Q value that represents the resonance intensity of each of the electrical transmitting unit 240 and the electrical receiving unit 310 is equal to or greater than 100.
[0062] In the electrical energy transmitting device 10, the energy
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19/49 transmitted electricity is supplied from the inverter 220 to the electrical energy transmitting unit 240, an energy (an electrical energy) moves from the electrical energy transmitting unit 240 to the electrical energy receiving unit 310 through an electromagnetic field which is formed between the coil of the unit when transmitting electrical energy 240 and the coil of the electrical receiving unit 310. The energy (electrical energy) that has moved to the electrical receiving unit 310 is supplied to the electrical storage device 350 through of the filter circuit 320 and the rectifying unit 330. [0063] Figure 3 is a view showing a circuit configuration of the inverter 220 shown in figure 1. With respect to figure 3, the inverter 220 is an inverter type voltage, and includes semiconductor switching elements for electrical power (also indicated hereinafter simply as switching elements) Q1 to Q4 , and the recirculating diodes D1 to D4. The PFC circuit 210 (figure 1) is connected to the terminals on the DC side T1 and T2, and the filter circuit 230 is connected to the terminals on the AC side T3 and T4.
[0064] The switching elements Q1 to Q4 consist, for example, of bipolar isolated transistors (IGBT), bipolar transistors, metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFET's), port deactivation thyristors ( GTO) or something like that. The recirculating diodes D1 to D4 are connected inversely-in parallel to the switching elements Q1 to Q4, respectively.
[0065] A direct current voltage V1 that is emitted from the PFC 210 circuit is applied between terminals T1 and T2. Then, according to the switching operations of the switching elements Q1 to Q4, an output voltage V and an output current Io are generated between terminals T3 and T4 (the directions indicated by arrows in the drawing are assumed as a forward direction ). This figure 3 mos
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20/49 for example, a state in which switching elements Q1 and Q4 are ON and switching elements Q2 and Q3 are OFF. In this case, the output voltage Vo is more or less equal to a voltage V1 (a positive value).
[0066] Figure 4 is a view showing switching waveforms of inverter 220 and waveforms of output voltage Vo and output current Io. With reference to figure 3 in conjunction with figure 4, a cycle from a point in time t4 to a point in time t8 will be described as an example. When switching elements Q2 and Q4 are OFF and ON, respectively, switching element Q1 changes from OFF to ON, and the switching element changes from ON to OFF at the time point t4 (a state shown in figure 3), the output voltage Vo of inverter 220 rises from 0 to V1 (the positive value).
[0067] When the switching elements Q1 and Q3 are ON and OFF, respectively, the switching element Q2 changes from OFF to ON, and the switching element Q4 changes from ON to OFF at a point in time t5, the voltage of the Vo output is equal to 0.
[0068] When switching elements Q2 and Q4 are ON and OFF, respectively, switching element Q1 changes from ON to OFF, and switching element Q3 changes from OFF to ON at a point in time t6, the voltage of Vo output is equal to -V1 (a negative value). [0069] When switching elements Q1 and Q3 are OFF and ON, respectively, switching element Q2 changes from ON to OFF, and switching element Q4 changes from OFF to ON at a point in time t7, the voltage of Vo output is equal to 0 again.
[0070] So when switching elements Q2 and Q4 are
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21/49
DISABLED and ENABLED, respectively, switching element Q1 changes from DISABLED to ENABLED, and switching element Q3 changes from ENABLED to DISABLED at time point t8, that is, after the lapse of a cycle from point in time t4, to output voltage Vo rises from 0 to V1 (the positive value) (the same state as that at time point t4).
[0071] This figure 4 shows a case in which the duty cycle of the output voltage Vo is 0.25. Then, the duty cycle of the output voltage Vo can be changed by changing the times for switching the switching elements Q1 and Q3 and the times for switching the switching elements Q2 and Q4. For example, in the case shown in figure 4, the duty cycle of the output voltage Vo can become less than 0.25 (the minimum value is 0) when the switching elements Q2 and Q4 are advanced, and the duty cycle of the output voltage Vo can become greater than 0.25 (the maximum value is 0.5) when the times for switching the switching elements Q2 and Q4 are delayed.
[0072] The transmitted electrical energy can be changed by adjusting the activity cycle of this output voltage Vo. Qualitatively, the transmitted electrical energy can be increased by increasing the activity cycle, and the transmitted electrical energy can be reduced by reducing the activity cycle. Thus, in this first embodiment of the invention, the ECU 250 power supply performs the control of transmitted electrical energy to control the electrical energy transmitted to the target electrical energy, by adjusting the output voltage Vo activity cycle.
[0073] In addition, an instantaneous value It of the output current Io at the moment the output voltage Vo rises (at time point t4 or at time point t8) is equivalent to the activation current mentioned above. The value of this activation current changes depending
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22/49 depending on the voltage V1 applied to the inverter 220 of the PFC circuit 210 and the activation frequency (the switching frequency) of the inverter 220. In the case shown here, the positive activation current It flows.
[0074] When the positive activation current It flows, a current in the opposite direction, that is, a recovery current, flows through the recirculating diode D3 (figure 3), which is connected inversely-in parallel to the switching element Q3. When the recovery current flows through the recirculating diode D3, the amount of heat generated by the recirculating diode D3 increases, and the inverter loss increases 220. When the activation current It is equal to or less than 0, none recovery current flows through the recirculating diode D3, and the loss in inverter 220 is kept small.
[0075] When the activation frequency (the switching frequency) of the inverter 220 changes, the activation current changes. Therefore, the activation current can be controlled by adjusting the drive frequency (the switching frequency) of the inverter 220. Thus, in this first embodiment of the invention, the ECU 250 power supply performs the control of the activation current to control the activation current It to the target value by adjusting the activation frequency (the switching frequency) of the inverter 220. Then, the target value of the activation current It is basically set to a value equal to or less than 0, so that no recovery current is generated in the inverter 220.
[0076] Figure 5 is a diagram of control blocks for the control of the transmitted electric energy and the control of the activation current that are performed by the ECU 250 power supply. With respect to figure 5, the ECU 250 power supply includes the subtraction units 410 and 430 and controllers 420 and 440. A feedback circuit consisting of subtraction unit 410, controller 420 and inverter 220 to be controlled constitutes the control of the
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23/49 transmitted electrical energy. On the other hand, a feedback circuit that consists of the subtraction unit 430, the controller 440 and the inverter 220 constitutes the control of the activation current. [0077] The subtraction unit 410 subtracts a detected value from a transmitted electrical energy Ps from a target electrical energy Psr that represents a target value from the transmitted electrical energy, and sends the computed value to controller 420. Incidentally, the detected value of energy transmitted electricity Ps can be calculated based, for example, on the detected values of voltage detector 270 and current detector 272 shown in figure 1.
[0078] The controller 420 generates an activity cycle command value for the output voltage Vo of the inverter 220, based on a deviation between the target electric power Psr and the transmitted electric power Ps. Controller 420 calculates a quantity of the operation when executing the proportional integral control (PI control) in which the deviation between the target electrical energy Psr and the transmitted electrical energy Os is inserted, or something like that, and sets the calculated quantity of the operation as command value of the duty cycle. In this way, the activity cycle of the output voltage Vo is adjusted in such a way that the transmitted electrical energy Ps approaches the target electrical energy Psr, and the transmitted electrical energy Ps is controlled to the target electrical energy Psr.
[0079] On the other hand, the subtraction unit 430 subtracts a detected value of the activation current It from a target value Itr of the activation current, and sends the computed value to controller 440. Incidentally, the target value Itr of the activation current it is basically set to a value equal to or less than 0 as described above. In addition, the detected value of the activation current is a detected value (an instantaneous value) of the current detector 272 (figure 1) at the moment when the elevation of the output voltage Vo is detected by DePetition 870160037494, of 07/20 / 2016, p. 25/55
24/49 voltage connector 270 (figure 1).
[0080] Controller 440 generates a command value of the drive frequency (switching frequency) of the inverter 220, based on a deviation between the target value Itr of the activation current and the activation current It. Controller 440 calculates a quantity of the operation, for example, when executing the PI control in which the deviation between the target value It of the activation current and the activation current It is inserted, or something like that, and sets the calculated quantity of the operation to the value of the control of the frequency mentioned above. In this way, the drive frequency of the inverter 220 is adjusted in such a way that the activation current It approaches the target value Itr, and the activation current It is controlled to the target value Itr.
[0081] The control of the electrical energy transmitted to adjust the activity cycle of the output voltage Vo of the inverter 220 and the control of the activation current to adjust the activation frequency of the inverter 220 interfere with each other. In some cases in which the activity cycle adjusted through the control of the transmitted electrical energy assumes a certain value, the activation current cannot be controlled to the target value Itr through the control of the activation current.
[0082] Figure 6 is a view showing the exemplary contour lines of the transmitted electric energy Os and the activation current It. With respect to figure 6, the abscissa axis represents the activation frequency (the switching frequency) of the inverter 220, and the ordinate axis represents the activity cycle of the output voltage Vo of inverter 220.
[0083] Each of the lines PL1 and PL2 indicated by dotted lines represents a contour line of the transmitted electric energy Ps. The transmitted electrical energy represented by the PL1 line is greater than the transmitted electrical energy represented by the line
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25/49
PL2. As is apparent from the drawing, the activity cycle that carries out a given transmitted electrical energy is dependent on frequency. In addition, an IL1 line indicated by an alternating long and short discontinuous line represents a contour line of the activation current. The line IL1 shown in the drawing is a contour line where the activation current is a predetermined value equal to or less than 0 (a contour line where the activation current is 0 is shown as an example in this case). The activation current decreases (increases in the negative direction) as the activity cycle increases, and as the frequency decreases.
[0084] A region S indicated by thin parallel lines is a region in which a recovery current is generated in the inverter 220. That is, in an operational point of the inverter 220 included in the region S, the activation current is greater than 0 , and a recovery current is generated in the inverter 220. That region S will also be indicated below as a prohibition zone S. Incidentally, in this first embodiment of the invention, the edge of the prohibition zone S does not coincide with the line where the activation current is 0, but allows the activation current to assume a small positive value.
[0085] An operational point P0 is an initial target value of the operational point of the inverter 220 in the execution of an inverter activation process 220. That is, assuming that the lines PL1 and IL1 represent the target electrical energy Psr and the target value of the activation current Itr, respectively, the inverter 220 is controlled for the operational point P0 as an intersection point of lines PL1 and IL1, in its activation process. Incidentally, as shown in the drawing, the prohibition zone S tends to be extended when the activity cycle is short. Thus, in this first embodiment of the invention, the operating point is shifted as indicated by a thick line, increasing the gain in control of the electrical energy transmitted to
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26/49 adjust the activity cycle, etc., in such a way that the operational point immediately passes through the prohibition zone S, when the inverter 220 is activated (when the transmitted electrical energy is increased with the activity cycle increasing the from 0).
[0086] The operational point P0 mentioned above is an operational point that realizes the target electrical energy Psr within such a range so that no recovery current is generated in the inverter 220. However, from the point of view of the efficiency of energy transfer between the electrical transmitting unit 240 (the electrical transmitting device 10) and the electrical receiving unit 310 (the electrical receiving device 20), the operating point P0 is not necessarily an appropriate operating point. That is, when the drive frequency of the inverter 220 is adjusted (changed) in such a way that the inverter 220 operates at the operational point P0, the frequency of the electrical energy transferred from the electrical transmitting unit 240 to the electrical receiving unit 310 changes . As a result, the efficiency of the transfer of electrical energy between the electrical energy transmitting unit 240 and the electrical energy receiving unit 310 may decrease.
[0087] Thus, with the electric energy transmitting device 10 in accordance with this first embodiment of the invention, an operational point at which the efficiency of the electric energy transfer between the electric energy transmitting unit 240 and the electric power receiving unit 310 can be highlighted is sought, within such a range so that no recovery current is generated in the inverter 220, while the electrical energy transmitted Ps to the target electrical energy Psr transmitted through the electrical energy control is controlled. The search for that operational point will be described below.
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27/49 [0088] Figure 7 is an equivalent circuit diagram to illustrate the efficiency of the transfer of electrical energy from the electrical energy transmitting unit 240 to the electrical energy receiving unit 310. With respect to figure 7, in the energy transmitting unit 240, it is assumed that coil 242 has an inductance L1, and that capacitor 244 has a capacity C1. A resistance component 246 is supposed to represent a winding resistance of coil 242, and has a resistance value r1. Incidentally, in this equivalent circuit diagram, filter circuit 230 (figure 1) of the electrical energy transmitting device 10 is omitted.
[0089] On the other hand, in the electrical energy receiving unit 310, it is assumed that coil 312 has an L2 inductance, and that capacitor 314 has a C2 capacity. It is assumed that a resistance component 316 represents a winding resistance of the coil 312, and has a resistance value r2. A charge 390 broadly represents a circuit that departs from filter circuit 320 (Figure 1) in the electrical energy receiving device 20, and is supposed to have a resistance value R.
[0090] An efficiency η of the transfer of electrical energy between coils 242 and 312 can be expressed as in an equation shown below, when using these circuit constants.
[0091] η = R / {R + r2 + r1 (| I1 / I2 | ² )} ... (1). It should be noted here that I1 represents a current flowing through the electrical energy transmitting unit 240, and that I2 represents a current flowing through the electrical energy receiving unit 310. If the electrical energy received is constant, the current I2 is substantially constant. Therefore, it is apparent from equation (1) that the efficiency η of the electric energy transfer is inversely proportional to the square of the current I1.
[0092] Thus, in the electrical energy transmitting device
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28/49 according to this first embodiment of the invention, an operating point of the inverter 220 is sought so that the current I1 that flows through the electrical power transmitting unit 240 decreases, within such a range so that no recovery current is generated in inverter 220, while the electrical energy transmitted Ps to the target electrical energy Psr transmitted through the electrical energy control is controlled. In concrete terms, the target value Itr (a negative value) of the activation current is changed (that is, the drive frequency of the inverter 220 is adjusted) in such a way that the current decreases within such a range so that no current of recovery is generated, while the ability to follow the target electric energy Psr is enhanced by the transmitted electric energy Ps with the enhancement of the control gain of the transmitted electric energy, etc. In this way, the efficiency η of the transfer of electrical energy between the electrical transmitting unit 240 and the electrical receiving unit unit 310 can be enhanced within such a range so that no recovery current is generated in the inverter 220, while the electrical energy transmitted Ps to the target electrical energy Psr is controlled.
[0093] Preferably, an operational point of the inverter 220 is sought in such a way that the current I1 is minimized within such a range so that no recovery current is generated, while the electrical energy transmitted Ps to the target electrical energy Psr is controlled. In concrete terms, the target value Itr (the negative value) of the activation current is changed in such a way that the current I1 is minimized within such a range so that no recovery current is generated. In this way, the efficiency η of the electric energy transfer can be enhanced to the maximum within such a range so that no recovery currents are generated, while the electric energy transmitted Ps to the target electric energy Psr is con
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29/49 trolled. Incidentally, the minimized word mentioned here means that the current I1 is minimized within a range so as not to exceed the prohibition zone S (figure 6).
[0094] Figure 8 is a flow chart to illustrate a process that is performed by the ECU 250 power supply shown in figure 1 to search for an operational point of the inverter 220. Incidentally, the process shown in this flow chart is called a main routine to be executed at intervals of a predetermined time or with the satisfaction of a predetermined condition.
[0095] With respect to figure 8, the ECU 250 power supply determines whether or not there is a command to start the transmission of electrical energy from the electrical energy transmitting device 10 to the electrical energy receiving device 20 (step S10). This command of the beginning of the transmission of electrical energy can be based on a command made by a user on the electrical energy transmitting device 10 or on the electrical energy receiving device 20, or it can be issued with the arrival of a point in time of the beginning of the electrical transmission. charge through the use of a timer or something. If there is no command from the start of the electrical transmission (NOT in step S10), the ECU 250 power supply changes the process to step S100 without performing a series of subsequent processing steps.
[0096] If it is determined in step S10 that there is a command to start the electric power transmission (YES in step S10), the ECU 250 power supply adjusts the target electric power Psr of the transmitted electric power Ps and the target value Itr ( the initial value) of the It activation current (step S20). Incidentally, although the target electrical energy Psr is generated based on the electrical energy receiving situation of the electrical energy receiving device 20 as described above, the target electrical energy Psr is set to an initial value of
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30/49 ended beforehand at that point in time when the transmission of electricity is not started. For example, 0 is set as the starting value of the Itr activation current target value.
[0097] When the target electric power Psr and the target value of the activation current Itr (the initial value) are adjusted, the ECU 250 power supply performs the control of the transmitted electrical energy and the control of the activation current (step S30) . Incidentally, when the electric power transmission from the electric power transmitting device 10 to the electric power receiving device 20 is started while the transmitted electric power control is performed, the target electric power Psr is corrected according to the power reception situation electricity from the electrical energy receiving device 20. When the electrical energy received approaches the target value in the electrical energy receiving device 20, the target electrical energy Psr is also stabilized. The target electrical energy Psr and the target value of the activation current Itr (the initial value) at that time are equivalent to the operational point P0 shown in figure 6.
[0098] When the control of the transmitted electric energy and the control of the activation current are started, the ECU 250 power supply determines whether the operational point of the inverter 220 reached or not the initial operational point (the operational point P0 in figure 6) (step S40). Then, if it is determined that the operating point of the inverter 220 has reached the initial operating point (YES in step S40), the ECU 250 power supply makes the gain of control of the transmitted electrical energy (adjustment of the activity cycle) greater than one default value (a normal value) that was valid up to that point (step S50). In this way, the ability to follow the target value by the transmitted electrical energy control is enhanced, and the search for the operational point can be performed by controlling the electrical energy transmitted Ps to the target electrical energy Psr in a process of
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31/49 search for the operational point that is executed in the following steps S60 to S80.
[0099] Subsequently, the ECU 250 power source acquires a detected value of the current I1 that flows through the electrical energy transmitting unit 240, from the current detector 274 (figure 1) (step S60). Then, the ECU power supply 250 changes the operating point of the inverter 220 in a direction such that the magnitude of the current I1 flowing through the electrical transmitting unit 240 decreases within such a range so that no recovery current is generated in the inverter 220, while the electrical energy transmitted Ps to the target electrical energy Psr is controlled (step S70). In concrete terms, after enhancing the ability to follow the target value by the electrical energy transmitted by increasing the control gain of the electrical energy transmitted in step S50, the ECU 250 power supply changes the target value Itr of the activation current control such that the magnitude of the current I1 flowing through the electrical power transmitting unit 240 decreases, within such a range so that no recovery current is generated in the inverter 220.
[00100] Subsequently, the ECU 250 power supply determines whether or not the search for the operational point of the inverter 220 is complete (step S80). A determination to complete this search can be made from several points of view. For example, it can be determined that the search for the operational point is completed when a minimum value of current I1 is found, when the rate of decrease in current I1 becomes less than a predetermined value, or when the target value of the activation current Itr reaches a predetermined lower limit, etc.
[00101] If it is determined in step S80 that the search for the operational point is not yet completed (NOT in step S80), the source
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32/49 ECU 250 supply returns the process to step S60. Then, if it is determined in step S80 that the search for the operational point is completed (YES in step S80), the ECU 250 power supply restores the control gain of the transmitted electrical energy changed in step S50 to the default value (the normal value) (step S90).
[00102] As described above, in this first embodiment of the invention, the target value Itr of the activation current control is changed in such a way that the current I1 that flows through the electrical power transmitting unit 240 decreases within such a range so that no recovery currents are generated in the inverter 220, while the electrical energy transmitted Ps to the target electrical energy Psr transmitted through the electrical energy control is controlled. In this way, the efficiency of the transfer of electrical energy between the electrical energy transmitting unit 240 and the electrical energy receiving unit 310 can be enhanced within such a range so that no recovery currents are generated.
[00103] In addition, in the above text, the efficiency of the transfer of electricity between the power transmitting unit 240 and the power receiving unit 310 can be enhanced to the maximum within such a range so that no recovery current is generated by changing the activation current control Itr target value in such a way that the current I1 that flows through the electrical energy transmitting unit 240 is minimized.
Second Mode [00104] As described above, the activation current of the inverter 220 is controlled to a range such that no recovery current is generated in the inverter 220, and is basically controlled to a predetermined value equal to or less than 0. It should be noted here that there are actually two operational points (drive frequencies) of the inverter 220 where the activation current is the pre value
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33/49 determined above (for example, 0) under the condition that the transmitted electrical energy is constant (which will be described in detail later). In this second embodiment of the invention, one of the two operational points at which the current I1 flowing through the electrical power transmitting unit 240 is the lowest is set as the initial operating point (an initial set point of the drive frequency) in the execution of the process of activation of the inverter 220. [00105] Figure 9 is a view that shows a relationship between the activation current and the activation frequency of the inverter 220 under the condition that the transmitted electrical energy is constant. With respect to figure 9, the abscissa axis represents the drive frequency of the inverter 220, and the ordinate axis represents the activation current. A line k1 represents an activation current at the moment when the drive frequency of the inverter 220 is changed, in the case where the transmitted electrical energy is constant. For example, when the activation current is controlled at 0 (a value such that no recovery current is generated), there are two points fa and fb as the drive frequency of the inverter 220 where the activation current is 0.
[00106] Figure 10 is a view showing a relationship between the current I1 that flows through the electrical energy transmitting unit 240 and the drive frequency of the inverter 220 under the condition that the electrical energy transmitted is constant. With reference to figure 10, the abscissa axis represents the drive frequency of the inverter 220, and the ordinate axis represents the magnitude of the current I1 that flows through the electric power transmitting unit 240. A line k2 represents a magnitude of the current I1 (for example, an effective value of current I1) at the moment when the drive frequency of the inverter 220 is changed under the same condition as that in figure 9. As described with reference to figure 9, the color
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34/49 activation current is equal to 0 at frequencies fa and fb under the condition that the transmitted electrical energy assumes a certain constant value. However, the magnitude of current I1 at the time the frequency is fa is different from the magnitude of current I1 at the time the frequency is fb. In the example shown in this figure 10, a magnitude (Ia) of the current I1 at the moment when the drive frequency of the inverter 220 is fa is less than a magnitude (Ib) of the current I1 at the moment when the drive frequency is fb . [00107] Thus, with the electric energy transmitting device 10 according to this second embodiment of the invention, in the case where there are two points such as the frequency at which the activation current is a predetermined value (for example, 0) equal a or less than the limit value (the edge of the prohibition zone S), one of the two frequencies mentioned above where the magnitude of the current I1 is the lowest (the frequency fa in the above example) is set as the initial adjusted value of the activation frequency in the control of the activation current, in the execution of the activation process of the inverter 220.
[00108] Incidentally, as described with reference to figure 5, the activation current control is intended to generate the command value of the drive frequency of the inverter 220 based on the deviation between the target value of the activation current Itr and the activation current It. In this way, for example, the drive frequency of the inverter 220 can be adjusted to the initial set value fa by adjusting the value of the drive frequency command according to the control current control to the frequency mentioned above. fa when executing the inverter 220 activation process.
[00109] Figure 11 is a view showing exemplary contour lines of the transmitted electric energy Ps and the activation current It. With respect to figure 11, this figure 11 corresponds to figu
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35/49 ra 6 described in the first embodiment of the invention. The line IL1 described in figure 6 is also a contour line where the activation current is equal to 0. However, there is actually another contour line in which the activation current takes on the same value, in one region in the other through the prohibition zone S, as indicated by line IL2 (not shown or described in figure 6).
[00110] Then, an operational point Pa that is prescribed by the point of intersection of the line PL1 that represents the contour line of the transmitted electric energy Ps and the line IL1 is equivalent to the operational point at frequency fa described with reference to FIGURES 9 and 10 An operational point Pb that is prescribed by the intersection point of line PL1 and line IL2 is equivalent to the operational point at frequency fb described with reference to FIGURES 9 and 10.
[00111] If the activation current is controlled to a predetermined target value (for example, 0) while the transmitted electricity Ps is carried out, both operational points Pa and Pb can be selected as the initial target value of the operational point of the inverter 220 In this second embodiment of the invention, the operating point Pa (the activation frequency fa), that is, one of the operating points Pa and Pb in which the magnitude of the current I1 that flows through the electrical power transmitting unit 240 is the smallest, is selected as the initial target value of the operating point of the inverter 220. That is, in this second embodiment of the invention, the frequency fa, that is, one of the drive frequencies fa and fb of the inverter 220 where the magnitude of the current I1 is the smaller, it is set as the initial set value of the drive frequency of the inverter 220, in the execution of the inverter activation process 220. Then, the target value Itr of the current control action is changed in such a way that the magnitude of the current I1 that flows through the electrical power transmitting unit 240 decreases, where the operational point Pa (frequency fa) will be petition 870160037494, from 07/20/2016, pg. 37/55
36/49 see as a point of origin.
[00112] Figure 12 is a flow chart to illustrate a process that is performed by the ECU 250 power supply in the second embodiment of the invention to search for an operational point of the 220 inverter. Incidentally, the process shown in this flow chart is also called a main routine. to be performed at intervals of a predetermined time or with the satisfaction of a predetermined condition.
[00113] With respect to figure 12, this flowchart also includes more step S22 in the flowchart in the first embodiment of the invention shown in figure 8. That is, when the target electrical energy Psr and the target value of the activation current Itr (the value are set in step S20, the ECU 250 power supply selects one of two drive frequencies (for example, the frequencies fa and fb in FIGURES 9 and 10) that realizes the target value of the activation current Itr (the initial value ) in which the magnitude of the current I1 flowing through the electrical energy transmitting unit 240 is the lowest (for example, the frequency fa in FIGURES 9 and 10). The ECU 250 power supply then sets the selected frequency as the initial set frequency value according to the activation current control (step S22).
[00114] Then, the control of the transmitted electric energy and the control of the activation current are performed in step S30, and a search for the initial operational point is carried out. In concrete terms, the control of the transmitted electrical energy and the control current activation Ca are performed for the operational point where the transmitted electrical energy Ps is equal to the target electrical energy Psr (the operational point Pa in figure 11), in one of the two activation frequencies (fa and fb) that realize the target electrical energy Psr and the target value of the activation current Itr (the initial value) in which the magnitude of the colorPetition 870160037494, from 07/20/2016, p. 38/55
37/49 rente I1 is the smallest, that is, the frequency (fa).
[00115] Incidentally, the respective processing steps starting from step S30 are performed as described with reference to figure 8. As described above, in this second embodiment of the invention the drive frequency of the inverter 220 is adjusted to one of the two frequencies actuators that perform the target electrical energy Psr and the target value of the activation current Itr (the initial value) in which the magnitude of the current I1 that flows through the electrical energy transmitting unit 240 is the lowest, in the execution of the activation process of the inverter 220. Then, the target value of the activation current Itr is changed in such a way that the magnitude of the current I1 decreases, within such a range so that no recovery current is generated in the inverter 220. Thus, the current I1 flowing through the power transmitting unit 240 can be reduced immediately after the inverter 220 is activated. As a result, according to this second embodiment of the invention, the efficiency of the transfer of electrical energy can be enhanced immediately within such a range so that no recovery current is generated, after the inverter 220 is activated.
Modification Examples [00116] In each of the first and second modes of the invention mentioned above, the operational point is changed (the target value of the activation current is changed) in such a way that the magnitude of the current I1 flowing through the electric power transmitting unit 240 decreases within such a range so that no recovery current is generated in the inverter 220, while the electric power transmitted to the target electric power is controlled. However, the output current Io of the inverter 220 can be used instead of the current I1. That is, the operating point can be changed (the target value of the activation current can be changed) in such a way that the magni
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The output current Io of the inverter 220 decreases within such a range so that no recovery current is generated, while the electrical energy transmitted to the target electrical energy is controlled. [00117] Figure 13 is a flow chart to illustrate a process that is performed by the ECU 250 power supply in the example of modifying the first embodiment of the invention to search for an operational point of the inverter 220. Incidentally, the process shown in this flow chart is also called of a main routine to be performed at intervals of a predetermined time or with the satisfaction of a predetermined condition.
[00118] With reference to figure 13, this flowchart includes steps S65 and S75 instead of steps S60 and S70 in the flowchart shown in figure 8. That is, when the control gain of the transmitted electrical energy (adjustment of the activity cycle) is increased in step S50, the ECU power supply 250 acquires a detected value of the output current Io of the inverter 220 from the current detector 272 (figure 1) (step S65).
[00119] Then, the ECU power supply 250 changes the operational point of the inverter 220 in a direction such that the magnitude of the output current Io decreases within such a range so that no recovery current is generated in the inverter 220, while the electrical energy transmitted Ps to the target electrical energy Psr is controlled (step S75). In concrete terms, after enhancing the ability to follow the target value by the transmitted electrical energy by increasing the control gain of the electrical energy transmitted in step S50, the ECU 250 power supply changes the Itr target value of the activation current control in such a way that the magnitude of the output current Io of the inverter 220 decreases, within such a range so that no recovery current is generated in the inverter 220.
[00120] Then, the process is changed to step S80, and it is
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39/49 determined whether or not the search for the operational point of the inverter 220 is completed. Incidentally, the respective processing steps from step S80 are performed as described with reference to figure 8.
[00121] Figure 14 is a flow chart to illustrate a process that is performed by the ECU 250 power supply in the example of modifying the second embodiment of the invention to search for an operational point of the inverter 220. Incidentally, the process shown in this flow chart is also called of a main routine to be performed at intervals of a predetermined time or with the satisfaction of a predetermined condition.
[00122] With reference to figure 14, this flowchart includes steps S24, S65 and S75 instead of steps S22, S60 and S70 in the flowchart shown in figure 12. That is, when the target electric power Psr and the target value of the current activation Itr (the initial value) are set in step S20, the ECU 250 power supply selects one of the two drive frequencies that realize the target value of the activation current Itr (the initial value) in which the magnitude of the output current Inverter Io 220 is the smallest. The ECU 250 power supply then sets the selected frequency as the initial set frequency value according to the activation current control (step S24). [00123] Then, the control of the transmitted electric energy and the control of the activation current are carried out in step S30, and an initial operational point is sought.
[00124] In addition, when the gain of control of the transmitted electrical energy (adjustment of the activity cycle) is increased in step S50, the output current Io of the inverter 220 is detected in step S65. Then, in step S75, the operating point of the inverter 220 is changed in such a direction that the magnitude of the output current Io decreases within such a range so that no recovery current is generated in the
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40/49 inverter 220, while the electrical energy transmitted Ps to the target electrical energy Psr is controlled. Incidentally, the respective processing steps from step S30 are performed as described with reference to figure 13.
[00125] As described above, an operation and an effect similar to those of the first embodiment of the invention are also obtained by the example of modification of the first embodiment of the invention. In addition, an operation and effect similar to those of the second embodiment of the invention are also obtained by the example of modifying the second embodiment of the invention.
[00126] Incidentally, in the text above, the ECU 250 power supply corresponds to an example of the electronic control unit in the present invention. In addition, the control of the transmitted electrical energy corresponds to the first control in the present invention, and the control of the activation current corresponds to the second control in the present invention.
[00127] Appropriate combinations of the respective modalities of the invention disclosed in this document are also presupposed. In addition, the modalities of the invention disclosed in this document should be considered as exemplary and not restrictive in all respects. The scope of the invention is not defined by the description of the above mentioned modalities, but by the claims. The invention must encompass all modifications that are equivalent in meaning and scope to the claims.
[00128] In accordance with the present invention, a non-contact electrical energy transmitting device is equipped with an electrical energy transmitting unit, a voltage type inverter, and an electronic control unit that controls the inverter. The power transmitting unit is configured to transmit a
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41/49 electrical energy to an electrical energy receiving device in a non-contact manner. The inverter supplies the transmitted electrical energy (that is, an electrical energy to be transmitted to the electrical energy receiving device) that corresponds to a frequency of activation to the electrical energy transmitting unit. The electronic control unit performs the first control and the second control. The first control is designed to control the electrical energy transmitted to a target electrical energy by adjusting an activity cycle of an inverter output voltage (control of transmitted electrical energy). The second control is designed to control an activation current that represents an output current of the inverter at a time when the output voltage rises to a target value by adjusting the frequency of inverter activation (control of the activation current) . The target value is set within a range such that no recovery current is generated in an inverter recirculation diode. In addition, the electronic control unit changes the target value of the activation current in such a way that a current flowing through the electrical transmitting unit decreases within a range such that no recovery current is generated, while the energy is controlled electrical energy transmitted to the target electrical energy through the first control.
[00129] The efficiency of electric power transfer between the electric power transmitting unit and the electric power receiving device is inversely proportional to the square of the current flowing through the electric power transmitting unit under the condition that the electric power transmitted is constant . Thus, in the present invention, the target value of the activation current is changed in such a way that the current flowing through the electrical energy transmitting unit decreases within a range such that no recovery current is generated, while the energy is controlled electrical
Petition 870160037494, of 07/20/2016, p. 43/55
42/49 transmitted to the target electrical energy through the first control. As a result of this, according to the present invention, the efficiency of electric energy transfer can be enhanced within a range such that no recovery current is generated in the inverter. [00130] Preferably, the electronic control unit changes the target value of the activation current in such a way that the current flowing through the electricity transmitting unit is minimized within a range such that no recovery current is generated, while the electrical energy transmitted to the target electrical energy is controlled through the first control.
[00131] By adopting this configuration, the energy transfer efficiency can be enhanced to the maximum within a range such that no recovery current is generated.
[00132] Preferably, the electronic control unit adjusts, in a case where there are two activation frequencies in which the activation current is a predetermined value equal to or less than a starting point under a condition that the transmitted electrical energy is constant, that one of the two drive frequencies in which a magnitude of the current flowing through the power transmitting unit is the lowest, as an initial set value of the drive frequency in the second control, when executing an inverter activation process.
[00133] In the present invention, when the inverter activation process is executed, the activation frequency is adjusted to the initial set value mentioned above. Then, the target value of the activation current is changed in such a way that the current flowing through the electrical energy transmitting unit decreases, within a range such that no recovery current is generated. In this way, the current flowing through the electrical transmitting unit can be reduced immediately after the inverter is activated.
Petition 870160037494, of 07/20/2016, p. 44/55
43/49
As a consequence of this, according to the present invention, the efficiency of electric energy transfer can be immediately enhanced within a range such that no recovery current is generated, after the inverter is activated.
[00134] In addition, according to the present invention, a non-contact electrical energy transmitting device is equipped with an electrical energy transmitting unit, a voltage type inverter, and an electronic control unit that controls the inverter. The electrical transmitting unit is configured to transmit electrical energy to an electrical receiving device in a non-contact manner. The inverter supplies the transmitted electrical energy that corresponds to an activation frequency to the electrical energy transmitting unit. The electronic control unit performs the first control and the second control. The first control is designed to control the electrical energy transmitted to a target electrical energy by adjusting an activity cycle of an inverter output voltage (control of the transmitted electrical energy). The second control is designed to control an activation current that represents an output current of the inverter at a time when the output voltage rises to a target value by adjusting the frequency of inverter activation (activation current control) . The target value is set within a range such that no recovery current is generated in an inverter recirculation diode. In addition, the electronic control unit changes the target value of the activation current in such a way that the output current of the inverter decreases within a range such that no recovery current is generated, while controlling the electrical energy transmitted to the electrical energy. target through the first control.
[00135] As described above, the efficiency of electricity transfer between the electricity transmitting unit and the
Petition 870160037494, of 07/20/2016, p. 45/55
44/49 electrical energy receiving device is inversely proportional to the square of the current flowing through the electrical energy transmitting unit under the condition that the electrical energy transmitted is constant. Thus, in the present invention, the target value of the activation current is changed in such a way that the output current of the inverter, which is closely correlated with the current flowing through the electrical power transmitting unit, decreases within such a range that no recovery currents are generated, while controlling the electrical energy transmitted to the target electrical energy through the first control. As a result of this, according to the present invention, the efficiency of electric energy transfer can be enhanced within a range such that no recovery current is generated in the inverter.
[00136] Preferably, the electronic control unit changes the target value of the activation current in such a way that the inverter output current is minimized within a range such that no recovery current is generated, while the electrical energy is controlled transmitted to the target electrical energy through the first control. [00137] By adopting this configuration, the energy transfer efficiency can be enhanced to the maximum within a range such that no recovery current is generated.
[00138] Preferably, the electronic control unit adjusts, in a case where there are two activation frequencies in which the activation current is a predetermined value equal to or less than a starting point under a condition that the transmitted electrical energy is constant, that one of the two drive frequencies in which a magnitude of the inverter output current is the lowest, as an initial set value of the drive frequency in the second control, when executing an inverter activation process.
[00139] In the present invention, when the process of activating the
Petition 870160037494, of 07/20/2016, p. 46/55
45/49 inverter is executed, the drive frequency is set to the initial set value mentioned above. Then, the target value of the activation current is changed in such a way that the output current of the inverter decreases, within a range such that no recovery current is generated. In this way, the output current of the inverter can be reduced immediately after the inverter is activated. As a consequence of this, according to the present invention, the efficiency of electric energy transfer can be immediately enhanced within a range such that no recovery current is generated, after the inverter is activated.
[00140] In addition, according to the present invention, an electrical energy transfer system is equipped with an electrical energy transmitting device and an electrical energy receiving device. The electrical energy transmitting device is equipped with an electrical energy transmitting unit, a voltage type inverter and an electronic control unit that controls the inverter. The electrical transmitting unit is configured to transmit electrical energy to the electrical receiving device in a non-contact manner. The inverter supplies the transmitted electrical energy that corresponds to an activation frequency to the electrical energy transmitting unit. The electronic control unit performs the first control and the second control. The first control is designed to control the electrical energy transmitted to a target electrical energy by adjusting an activity cycle of an inverter output voltage (control of transmitted electrical energy). The second control is designed to control an activation current that represents an output current of the inverter at a time when the output voltage rises to a target value by adjusting the frequency of inverter activation (activation current control) . The target value is adjusted within a range such that no
Petition 870160037494, of 07/20/2016, p. 47/55
46/49 recovery is generated in an inverter recirculation diode. In addition, the electronic control unit changes the target value of the activation current in such a way that a current flowing through the electrical transmitting unit decreases within a range such that no recovery current is generated, while the energy is controlled electrical energy transmitted to the target electrical energy through the first control.
[00141] By adopting this configuration, the energy transfer efficiency can be enhanced within a range such that no recovery current is generated in the inverter.
[00142] Preferably, the electronic control unit changes the target value of the activation current in such a way that the current flowing through the electrical energy transmitting unit is minimized within a range such that no recovery current is generated, while the electrical energy transmitted to the target electrical energy is controlled through the first control.
[00143] By adopting this configuration, the energy transfer efficiency can be enhanced to the maximum within a range such that no recovery current is generated.
[00144] Preferably, the electronic control unit adjusts, in a case where there are two activation frequencies in which the activation current is a predetermined value equal to or less than a starting point under a condition that the transmitted electrical energy is constant, that one of the two drive frequencies in which a magnitude of the current flowing through the power transmitting unit is the lowest, as an initial set value of the drive frequency in the second control, when executing an inverter activation process.
[00145] By adopting this configuration, the current flowing through the electrical power transmitting unit can be immediately re
Petition 870160037494, of 07/20/2016, p. 48/55
47/49 after the inverter is activated. As a consequence of this, according to the present invention, the efficiency of electric energy transfer can be immediately enhanced within a range such that no recovery current is generated, after the inverter is activated.
[00146] In addition, according to the present invention, an electrical energy transfer system is equipped with an electrical energy transmitting device and an electrical energy receiving device. The electrical energy transmitting device is equipped with an electrical energy transmitting unit, a voltage type inverter and an electronic control unit that controls the inverter. The electrical transmitting unit is configured to transmit electrical energy to the electrical receiving device in a non-contact manner. The inverter supplies the transmitted electrical energy that corresponds to an activation frequency to the electrical energy transmitting unit. The electronic control unit performs the first control and the second control. The first control is designed to control the electrical energy transmitted to a target electrical energy by adjusting an activity cycle of an inverter output voltage (control of transmitted electrical energy). The second control is designed to control an activation current that represents an output current of the inverter at a time when the output voltage rises to a target value by adjusting the frequency of inverter activation (activation current control) . The target value is set within a range such that no recovery current is generated in an inverter recirculation diode. In addition, the electronic control unit changes the target value of the activation current in such a way that the output current of the inverter decreases, within a range such that no recovery current is generated, while controlling the electrical energy transmitted to the energy eletPetição 870160037494, of 07/20/2016, p. 49/55
48/49 target trica through the first control.
[00147] By adopting this configuration, the energy transfer efficiency can be enhanced within a range such that no recovery current is generated in the inverter.
[00148] Preferably, the electronic control unit changes the target value in such a way that the output current of the inverter is minimized, within a range such that no recovery current is generated, while controlling the electrical energy transmitted to the energy electrical target through the first control.
[00149] By adopting this configuration, the energy transfer efficiency can be enhanced to the maximum within a range such that no recovery current is generated.
[00150] Preferably, the electronic control unit adjusts, in a case where there are two activation frequencies in which the activation current is a predetermined value equal to or less than a starting point under a condition that the transmitted electrical energy is constant, that one of the two drive frequencies in which a magnitude of the inverter output current is the lowest, as an initial set value of the drive frequency in the second control, when executing an inverter activation process.
[00151] By adopting this configuration, the output current of the inverter can be immediately reduced after the inverter is activated. As a consequence of this, according to the present invention, the efficiency of electric energy transfer can be immediately enhanced within a range such that no recovery current is generated, after the inverter is activated.
[00152] Incidentally, in each of the aforementioned inventions, as the range in which no recovery current is generated in the inverter recirculation diode, the target value of the activation current is adjusted, for example, to a predetermined value
Petition 870160037494, of 07/20/2016, p. 50/55
49/49 equal to or less than 0.
[00153] According to the present invention, in the non-contact electrical energy transmitting device that transmits electrical energy to the electrical energy receiving device in a non-contact manner, the efficiency of electrical energy transfer to the electrical energy receiving device can be highlighted within a range such that no recovery current is generated in the inverter.
[00154] In addition, in accordance with the present invention, in the electrical energy transfer system that transmits electrical energy from the electrical energy transmitting device to the electrical energy receiving device, the efficiency of electrical energy transfer between the electrical transmitting device electrical energy and the electrical energy receiving device can be enhanced within a range such that no recovery current is generated in the inverter.
[00155] The following is a summary of the modality. An ECU 250 power supply performs the control of the transmitted electrical energy to control an electrical energy transmitted to a target electrical energy by adjusting an activity cycle of an inverter output voltage 220, and controlling the activation current for control an activation current to a target value by adjusting a drive frequency of the inverter 220. The target value of the activation current is adjusted within such a range so that no recovery current is generated in an inverter recirculation diode 220. The ECU 250 power supply changes the target value of the activation current in such a way that a magnitude of a current flowing through an electrical power transmitting unit 240 decreases by such a range so that no recovery current is generated, while the electrical energy transmitted to the target electrical energy transmitted through the electrical energy control is c controlled.

权利要求:
Claims (6)
[1]
1. Non-contact electrical energy transmitting device (10) comprising:
an electrical energy transmitting unit (240) for transmitting electrical energy to an electrical energy receiving device (20) in a non-contact manner;
an inverter (220) that supplies an electrical energy to be transmitted that corresponds to a drive frequency for the electrical energy transmitting unit (240); and a control unit (250) that controls the inverter (220), characterized by the fact that the control unit (250) performs:
first control to control the electrical energy to be transmitted to a target electrical energy by adjusting an activity cycle of an inverter output voltage (220), second control to control an activation current that represents an inverter output current (220) by adjusting the drive frequency, where the output current is an output current at a time when the output voltage rises, and adjust the duty cycle and the drive frequency in such a way that a current supplied from the inverter (220) to the electricity transmitting unit (240) decreases within the range where the activation current is equal to or less than a predetermined limit value, while the electrical energy to be transmitted to the target electrical energy through the first control is controlled.
[2]
2. Non-contact electric energy transmitting device (10) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the control unit (250) adjusts the activity cycle and the activation frequency in such a way that the current supplied from the
Petition 870190136491, of 12/19/2019, p. 4/11
2/4 inverter (220) to the electrical energy transmitting unit (240) is minimized within the range where the activation current is equal to or less than the limit value, while the electrical energy to be transmitted to the target electrical energy through of the first control is controlled.
[3]
3. Non-contact electric energy transmitting device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that in a case where there are two activation frequencies in which the activation current is a predetermined value equal to or less than the that a limit value under a condition that the electricity to be transmitted is constant, the control unit sets one of the drive frequencies in which a magnitude of the current supplied from the inverter (220) to the electricity transmitting unit (240) is the lower, as an initial set value of the activation frequency in the second control, when executing an inverter activation process (220).
[4]
4. Non-contact electric energy transfer device, comprising:
an electrical energy transmitting device (10); and an electrical energy receiving device (20), wherein the electrical energy transmitting device (10) includes:
an electrical energy transmitting unit (240) that transmits electrical energy to an electrical energy receiving device (20) in a non-contact manner, a voltage inverter (220) that supplies an electrical energy to be transmitted that corresponds to a frequency drive for the electricity transmitting unit (240), and a control unit (250) that controls the inverter (220), characterized by the fact that
Petition 870190136491, of 12/19/2019, p. 5/11
3/4 the electronic control unit (250) performs:
i) first control to control the electrical energy to be transmitted to a target electrical energy by adjusting an activity cycle of an inverter output voltage (220), and ii) second control to control an activation current that represents a inverter output current (220) by adjusting the drive frequency, where the output current is an output current at a time when the output voltage rises, and iii) adjust the duty cycle and frequency of activation in such a way that a current supplied from the inverter (220) to the electrical energy transmitting unit (240) decreases within the range where the activation current is equal to or less than a limit value, while the electrical energy to be transmitted to the target electrical energy through the first control is controlled.
[5]
5. Electricity transfer device according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that the electronic control unit (250) adjusts the activity cycle and the activation frequency in such a way that the current supplied by the inverter (220) the electrical energy transmitting unit (240) is minimized within the range where the activation current is equal to or less than the limit value, while the electrical energy to be transmitted to the target electrical energy through the first control is controlled.
[6]
6. Electricity transfer device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that in a case where there are two activation frequencies in which the activation current is a predetermined value equal to or less than the limit value under a condition that the electrical energy to be transmitted is constant,
Petition 870190136491, of 12/19/2019, p. 6/11
4/4 the control unit (250) adjusts that one of the drive frequencies in which a magnitude of the current supplied from the inverter (220) to the electricity transmitting unit (240) is the smallest, as an initial adjusted value of the frequency of activation in the second control, when executing an inverter activation process (220).

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法律状态:
2016-12-27| B03A| Publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention [chapter 3.1 patent gazette]|

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2020-01-28| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

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2020-03-31| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 08/06/2016, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

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JP2015117277A|JP6350399B2|2015-06-10|2015-06-10|Non-contact power transmission device and power transmission system|

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JP2015-117277|2015-06-10|

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